John Cleland; "Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure... "

• Date: 1500-1799 & 1800 - 1849

• Location: Europe & USA

• Subject: Sexuality

• Medium: Literature

• Artist/Author/Producer: Cleland, John (1709-1789)

• Confronting Bodies: The Privy Council, The State of Massachusetts

• Dates of action: 1749

• Location: England, United States

Description of the Art Work

"Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure, also known as Fanny Hill," 1749: an elegant flowery work of pornography describing the activities of a London prostitute. This novel enjoyed enormous popularity.

Description of incident

1749, England: Arraigned before the Privy Council for writing a literary obscenity, Cleland pleaded poverty. 1821, United States: Banned in Massachusetts in the first known obscenity case in the U.S.

Results of incident

1749, England: Cleland was reprimanded and given a pension of 100 pounds annually on condition that he not repeat the offense. The book went underground and remained the chief erotic classic for more than 200 years.

1963, United States: Published openly by Grove Press, the book was attacked by "decency" groups. The highest courts of New Jersey and Massachusetts declared it obscene; on March 21, 1966, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed the unfavorable judgments, clearing "Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure, also known as Fanny Hill" for publication.

1965, Illinois: Prosecution of the book in Illinois was a major factor in the closing of a bookstore, Paul Romaine, Books in Chicago, according to Mr. Romaine. During the period when the book was emerging in the open market, it was seized in Berlin, burned in Manchester, England and burned in Japan.

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Record no 171